Cytomegalovirus retinitis is disease condition of posterior part of eye. Conventional delivery systems often result in poor bioavailability and therapeutic response because high tear fluids turn over and dynamics cause rapid elimination of the drug from the eyes. So, to overcome bioavailability problems, ophthalmic in-situ gels were developed. From a manufacturing point of view, the production of such devices is less complex and thus lowers the investment and manufacturing cost. The objective of present study was to prepare pH-dependent in-situ gel system of ganciclovir and optimize the effect of formulation variables i.e. concentration of carbopol 940 and HPMC E50LV. The experimental design selected was 32 full factorial designs using these two variables. Viscosity and drug release after 7 hr were evaluated as response variables. It was observed that concentration of polymers directly affect the viscosity and drug release profile. Mathematical models were generated for each response parameters to predict their values at selected levels of formulation variables. The effect of the variables and behavior of the system was studied using response surface plots. The optimized formulation showed viscosity of 983.860 cp and in-vitro permeation of 95.15%. The results of this study revealed that the in-situ gel prepared with 0.4% w/v concentration of carbopol 940 and 1.5% w/v concentration of HPMC E50LV showed optimum transscleral permeation.
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